Objective： To explore whether using Chinese traditional medicine can reduce inpatients' cost, in the background that now most hospitals in China treat patients with medicine and almost without Chinese traditional medicine or treatment. But in most Chinese' mind, traditional Chinese medicine are cheap. The hospitalization costs and drug costs in China are growing year by year, and drug costs are the main part. The objective in this study is: whether using Chinese traditional medicine can reduce inpatients' cost, and whether the traditional view about Chinese medicine is still true. Methods: Case study of a secondary hospital of Shanxi Province. And there are two parts of this study: The first is about the using of traditional Chinese medicine in this hospital. There are three kinds of Chinese medicine-- Chinese herbal medicine, Chinese patent medicine, and traditional Chinese medicine injection. Analysis the usage of three kinds of Chinese medicine in different ages, genders, diseases and ways of payment. Analyze the usage of traditional Chinese medicine injection with the method of Defined Daily Dose. The second is make a comparison and statistical analysis of using and not using Chinese traditional medicine inpatients' cost in general and in different ages, genders, diseases and ways of payment. Analyze the changes of hospitalization costs and drug costs with the increasing of the percentage of Chinese traditional medicine costs, and the changes of hospitalization costs in 2008-2013. Results: 1. The usage of traditional Chinese medicine First, there are more and more inpatients using traditional Chinese medicine, the costs traditional Chinese medicine injection, Chinese patent medicine and Chinese herbal medicine are 12.27%，1.89%，0.02% of the medicine cost respectively. The medicine cost of patients who used one kind of traditional Chinese medicine< the ones who used two kinds< the ones who used all three kinds. vii Second, there are 5.4‰ inpatients used Chinese herbal medicine, and most of them are middle aged, and many of them are inpatients of obstetrics. Inpatients in cancer' Chinese herbal medicine cost is top among inpatients who used Chinese herbal medicine. The cost and number of patients who used Chinese patent medicine are increasing year by year. Many of patients using Chinese patent medicine are in pregnancy, childbirth and puerperal disorders, and the young inpatients' cost of Chinese patent medicine is the top. Thirdly, there are 30.25% inpatients using traditional Chinese medicine injection, most of them are middle aged or elderly. The usage of Chinese medicine injection in patients with circulation system disease and respiratory system disease is the top. The heat-clearing drug blood-activating drug are the most frequently used. Most of traditional Chinese medicine injection are reasonable in the rank of sales and frequency, and the DDC are little high. 2. The comparison and statistical analysis between using and not using Chinese traditional medicine inpatients' cost First, the using Chinese traditional medicine inpatients' cost is significantly higher than not using ones', except in a few diseases and in children. Second, the using Chinese traditional medicine inpatients' cost increases year by year, while the not using ones cost decreases year by year; The using Chinese traditional medicine inpatients' cost decreases with increasing of percentage of Chinese traditional medicine cost. Conclusions: There are 45.2% inpatients who used traditional Chinese medicine in 2008-2013, and the cost of traditional Chinese medicine injection is 93% of traditional Chinese medicine per inpatient. The characteristics of usage of Chinese medicine injection, Chinese patent medicine and Chinese herbal medicine are different. The using Chinese traditional medicine inpatients' cost is significantly higher than not using ones', except in a few diseases and in children, and using Chinese traditional medicine can not reduce inpatients’ cost. 【Key words】Traditional Chinese medicine ; Inpatients' cost; Drug cost

研究目的： 爲了探究在以綜合性醫院為主，西醫西藥治療為主的當下，使用中藥是否可以 降低住院患者的藥費和住院費用。在傳統觀念中，中藥具有“簡、便、廉、驗” 的特點，其中“廉”就是指廉價，這也是多數人對於中藥的看法。目前我國的 衛生費用中，住院費用過快增長，而藥費是住院費用的構成主體，相較于西藥， 中藥是否更廉價，即：使用中藥是否可以作為降低患者住院費用、藥費的舉措， “中藥更廉價”這一 傳統觀念在以綜合性醫療機構為主的當下是否依然適用， 這是本研究的目的。 研究方法： 本研究採用個案研究的方法，研究對象為山西省某縣級醫院 2008-2013 年的住 院患者。研究分為以下兩個部份： 第一部份是該醫院中藥的使用情況。將中藥分為中藥材、中藥注射劑，以及中 成藥（非注射劑型）三部份，分析這三種中藥在該醫院的住院患者中的使用特 點，包括三者的銷售情況與使用人數在 2008-3013 年間的變化，以及在不同年 齡、支付方式、病種、性別中的分佈。并採用用藥頻度（DDDs）排序和藥品日 均費用（DDC）和藥品銷售金額與 DDDs 的排序比，對中藥注射劑消耗情況進 行藥物利用分析和評價。 第二部是將使用和未使用過中藥的住院患者的藥費、住院費進行對比和統計學 分析。除了總體上對比使用過和未使用過中藥治療的病人的藥費、住院費，還 探索不同條件下（不同性別、年齡、病種、支付方式下），是否都有“使用中 藥能（或不能）降低患者費用”這一結論的產生；爲了進一步研究使用中藥和 住院患者的費用之間的關係，研究隨中藥費比例增加，藥費和住院費用的變化 趨勢；以及這六年來，使用和未使用中藥的患者費用的變化趨勢。 研究結果： 1.中藥使用情況研究結果 第一，2008-2013 年的住院患者中，45.2%的患者使用過中藥，人均中藥注射劑 費用是人均中藥費的 93%。該醫院使用中藥患者人數逐年增加，人均注射劑、 中成藥、中藥材占藥費的比例分別為 12.27%，1.89%，0.02%，在使用中藥的患 v 者中，只使用一種中藥患者的藥費<兩種中藥聯合使用患者的藥費