Kinship appellation is the way that people call their relatives. Of the basic vocabularies in a language or dialect, kinship appellation terms are used frequently and have a strong stability, Their expressions have unique functions and emotional color. When talking about the cross-combination and association relations, Saussure pointed out that the relationship between words can be displayed in two ways: one is the syntagme, which is the combination of symbols, while the other is association, each group having some meanings formed a series of potential memories. On the association sense, kinship appellation terms can reflect quite adequately. At the same time, kinship appellation is a special kind of language symbols. In addition to the referential functions possessed by general linguistic symbol, but also embodies the social relations of both communication and its social and cultural ideas, it also reflected the social relations of both communications parties and the social and cultural ideas. With the rise of social linguistics, kinship appellation has attracted more and more attentions by linguists, and has become a hot spot in the field of social linguistic research. From the perspective of cultural studies, kinship system itself is a practical embodiment of the cultural system. Appellation is an essential social behavior in human life. Kinship terms are the terms about closeness of kinship and age and social status. It not only reflects person's status and role in the network of kinship relationship, but also reflects that people's social attributes, interpersonal relationship and values are closely related to culture, political background and traditional customs. Language is a product of the transformation of the objective world. It is the key to the creation and development of culture. Meanwhile the development of language contributes to richness and perfection of language. That is to say, they promote each other and relatively independent, The languages of different nations reflect and record the specific cultural outlooks of different nations. Kinship appellation, depending on marriage relationship and descent principle, is a reflection of the complex structure of human society through the process of language. Also it belongs to language system, The structure and characteristics of every kinship system reflects the socio-cultural psychology of the people there. Studying it can help us deepen the understanding of the social and cultural characteristics in this area. In addition, with the development of society and culture, kinship appellation system is developing and changing. Studying the changes of kinship appellation can reflect the changes of social structure, socio-cultural and people's attitudes, etc. Studying kinship appellation in the view of culture can decipher the various deep cultural codes, so as to grasp its essential characteristics more accurately, If not, it also can interpret some personality characteristics of national culture. Basing on the previous studies, this essay compared Xianju Wu dialect kinship appellation with Mandarin kinship appellation, and explored Xianju Wu dialect kinship appellation system structure, vocabulary, usage and other related issues. Chapter one is the introduction to clarify basic concepts, the significance of the research recent study on this subject, and briefly stated the phonological features of Xianju Wu dialect, sources of research materials and research methods. In chapter two, I described the specific Xianju Wu dialect kinship appellation system structure. In order to state kinship appellation systems of Xianju Wu dialect clearly and concisely, I splat Xianju Wu dialect kinship appellation system into nine systems, and compare them with Mandarin kinship appellation system respectively. Meanwhile I charted Xianju Wu dialect kinship appellation system. Based on this, established a basic kinship appellation system of Xianju Wu dialect. The main issue of chapter three was to analyze the characters of the vocabulary of Xianju Wu dialect kinship appellation and the use of face-to-face address forms and back address. Although kinships are mainly used in spoken language, the forms of the kinship words are obtained from the additional prefixes, overlaps and sound changes, etc. In this chapter, !emphasized the overlaps, tones, rhythms and other inflections in Xianju Wu dialect. Different voices represent the phenomenon of different semantic. In practice, the forms of back address are more flexible than that of face-to-face address forms. For the same kinship, on the basis of personal subjectivity, there are generally more than two ways of appellation behind one's back. On the one hand, addresses from others' perspective simplified the appellation system. While on the other hand, it brought chaos in practice. Chapter four analyzed and compared the differences and similaritics of kinship appellation in Mandarin and Xianju Wu dialect. Four features about the kinship appellation in Xianju Wu dialect had been found: “uncle” could indicate “father”, “son-in-law” was widely used; “aunt” (father's sister) differed between the young and old, but there was no difference between the young and old for “aunt” (mother's sister), “nephew", “'niece”, “grandson” and "granddaughter”. The kinship appellation both in Xianju Wu dialect and Mandarin are addressed from others’ perspective. It is very common to see that different appellation may refer to the same person, and that the same appellation might refer to different people in both languages. The two languages were of strong stability. In chapter five, I discussed other issues related to Xianju Wu dialect, On the one hand, I discussed cultural psychology refracted by using Xianju Wu dialect kinship appellation. On the other hand, with the development of the society, Xianju Wu dialect kinship appellation appeared to have changes and development in three areas: Appellations decreased within the system, called “Simplified". Some are changed into the social kinship appellation, called “Generalization”, Some kinships are evolving to Mandarin, called “Assimilated” The final chapter is the conclusion, summarized the view of the article. Key words: Xianju Wu dialect, Mandarin, Kinship appellation, Addresses from others‘ perspective

亲属称谓是用来表明亲属关系的称呼方式。亲属称谓词在一种语言或方言中属于使用频率很高、稳定性很强的基本词汇，在表情达意上有其独特的功用及情感色彩。索绪尔在谈到语言中的横组合关系和关联关系时曾经指出，词汇之间的关系可以显示在两个方面，其一为单位语符列，它是符号的结合;其二是关联，每一个具有某些意义的群体都组成了一个潜在的记忆系列。就关联意义而言，亲属称谓词体现得相当充分。同时，亲属称谓是一种特殊的语言符号，它除了一般语言符号所具有的指称功能外，还体现了交际双方的社会关系及其社会文化思想观念。随着社会语言学的兴起，亲属称谓越来越受到语言学家的关注，成为社会语言学的研究热点之一 从文化学角度来看，亲属制本身就是一种文化制度的现实体现。语言是人类改造客观世界的产物,是民族文化产生和发展的关键，文化的发展也促进了语言的丰富和完善它们相互促进而又相互独立。不同民族特定的文化制约着该民族语言的发展，同时，不同民族的语言也反映和记录了不同民族特定的文化风貌。亲属称谓以家庭的姻亲关系和继嗣法则为基础，同时，它又隶属于语言体系的范畴。各方言亲属称谓的构成和使用特点直接反映着该地区民族的社会文化心理，所以，研究方言亲属称谓有助于进一步加深对该地区社会文化特点的认识。 随着社会文化的发展，亲属称谓也在发展和变化，考察亲属称谓的变化能折射出社会结构、社会文化和人们观念等的变迁。在文化视野中研究亲属称谓，可以通过其表层的种种现象，挖掘其深层的种种文化内涵，从而更准确地把握其本质特征。反之，亦能更好地解读民族文化的某些个性特征。 在前人研究的基础上，本文运用比较的方法，将仙居吴语亲属称谓与普通话亲属称谓进行比较研究，对仙居吴语亲属称谓的系统结构、词汇、运用及与其相关的其他问题进行探究。 第一章为绪论部分，阐明基本概念、课题研究的意义、国内外关于该课题研究的现状，并对方言点和仙居吴语的音系特点、研究材料的来源及采用的研究方法做了简要的交代。 第二章，具体描写了仙居吴语亲属称谓的系统结构。为了清楚且简洁地表述仙居吴语亲属称谓系统，本文将仙居吴语亲属称谓系统拆分成九个小系统，分别与普通话亲属称谓系统相比较，同时将仙居吴语亲属称谓系统图表化，并在此基础上建立了仙居吴语基本亲属称谓系统。 第三章，集中分析了仙居吴语亲属称谓的形式特点及其在面称和背称中的运用。虽然称谓语主要表现在口语中，但其附加前缀、重叠、音变就是称谓语的词形形式。本章阐述了仙居吴语亲属称谓词的附加、重叠、内部屈折等词形变化，不同语音代表不同语义的现象。在面称和背称的运用中，背称的形式比面称灵活，根据个人的主观性，对于同一亲属关系，一般都有两种以上的背称方式。同时，从他现象普遍存在，从他称谓一方面简化了称谓系统，另一方面，也给运用带来了混乱。第四章，比较分析了仙居吴语亲属称谓与普通话亲属称谓的异同。其中仙居吴语亲属称谓具有以下特点:以“伯”称父;“子丈”的使用很宽泛:姑类称谓分长幼，姨类的不分;“外甥”、“外孙”不分,“外甥女”、“外孙女”也不分。两者的共性是都具有从他称谓、“异形同指”和“同形异指”现象及稳定性。 第五章，探讨与仙居吴语亲属称谓相关的其他问题。一方面探讨了仙居吴语亲属称谓使用过程中折射的民族文化心理。另一方面，随着社会的发展，仙居吴语亲属称谓呈现出三方面的发展变化:系统内部称谓语逐渐减少，即“简化”;有些亲属称谓泛化为社会称谓语，即“泛化”;有些亲属称谓正在向普通话演进，即“被同化”。 最后一章为结论部分，总结了文章的观点。 关键词: 仙居吴语 普通话 亲属称谓 从他称谓