【Objective】This research is using the questionnaire to understand the cognitive state of communicable diseases in Macau residents, such as the knowledge of the communicable diseases department in government, the risk factors that lead the communicable diseases to increase, the consciousness of crisis in suffering communicable diseases. We also want to synthesize the most valid ways to publicize and make some ideas about preventing the communicable diseases. 【Method】We collected the questionnaire from the permanent Macau resident, the non-permanent Macau resident and the imported laborer ( 6553 residents ) . By using One-way Avon, we analyze the different state of communicable diseases among their age, sex, living area and education level with the software of SPSS 13.0. And by using the correlations, we also analyze the relationship between the education level and the other items, such as personal hygiene, environment hygiene and the preventive measures. 【Result】 There are 1387 residents with the best cognitive state( Level A ). And we have 706 residents in Level B, 51 residents in Level C, 46 residents in Level D. About 10.77% residents realize the communicable diseases department, the isolated communicable disease ward and the necessary to isolate the communicable disease patients. In the differentiation of communicable diseases, 89% residents know flu. 60% residents know AIDS, tuberculosis and varicella. Just very little part knows about hydrophobia, hepatitis, syphilis, gonorrhea, hand-feet-mouth disease and bacterial food poisoning. In the factor of education level, all of them think environment and personal hygiene is important, Their consciousness of crisis in suffering communicable diseases is not high enough, And they are always doing exercise. Indifferent group of age, all of them think communicable diseases can be prevented. And the most important is environment and personal hygiene. There is obvious variation in whether isolated communicable disease ward is in Macau from different living areas. 75.77 % residents feel general pleasure to their own living environment hygiene. 41.78%t residents think their living areas are not green enough, 50.89% residents are satisfied to the disposal of the rubbish, In the pet feeders, 60.3% of them have their pets injected the vaccines. With the higher education level, their consciousness of crisis in suffering communicable diseases is better. And the research shows that the most valid ways to publicize are television, newspaper and booklets. 【Conclusion】 Macau residents do not get enough knowledge about the kinds and the ways of communicable diseases, They should be enhanced the propaganda of public health, including the hygiene of living environment, personal hygiene and vaccine injected. And they should be enhanced the consciousness of crisis in preventing to suffer communicable diseases. Television, newspaper and booklets are the most acceptable propaganda for the Macau residents. We believe that the break out of communicable diseases can be less by improving all of the above. 【Keywords】Macau resident cognitive state of communicable diseases questionnaire

【目的】本課题旨在通過問卷调查澳門居民對傅染病的認知情況，如澳門居民對傳染病部門、增加傳染病的因素的知曉度、對傳染病的危機意識高低；綜合一些比較有效的宣傅方法；並對傅染病預防提出一些意見。 【方法】對6553名澳門本地永久及臨时居民和外來勞工進行問卷调查，以各種研究因素賦値輸入SPSS系統，用單因素方差分析方法比較不同年齡、不同居住地區、不同教育程度及不同性別之間對傳染病有關知識情况；用相關分析分析教育程度與傳染病預防、個人衛生和環境衛生之間的關係。 【結果】一級認知人群有1387人，二級認知人群有706人，三級認知人群有51人，四級認知人群有46人；約10.77%受訪者知道有傳染病部門、獨立傅染病病房和傅染病需要隔離；89%受訪者知道流感是一種傳染病；60%受訪者知道爱滋病、肺結核和水痘是傳染病；只有小部份知道狂犬病、肝炎、梅毒、淋病、手足口病和細菌性食物中毒；不同教育程度均認爲環境衛生和個人衛生是重要的，對患傳染病的危機意識均不高，會經常進行體育锻練；不同年齡組均認爲傳染病可以預防，個人衛生和環境衛生是重要的；不同居住地區的受訪者對是否有獨立傳染病房有明顯差異；75.77%受訪居民對自己居住境衛生表示一般满意，41.78%受訪者認爲所居住地區沒有足夠綠化，50.89%受訪者對居住區的垃圾處理滿意；養寵物受訪者中60.3%有爲寵物進行免疫注射；随著教育程度增高認傅染病能夠預防以及個人衛生是重要的，對患傳染病的危機意識比率增高；調查顯示選用電視、報紙及宣傳小冊子是較有效的宣傳方法。 【結論】澳門居民對傳染病的認識未足夠，包括那些是傳染病、傅染病途等；需要加強對公共衛生(居住環境衛生、個人衛生、注射預防疫苗)的宣傳力度；需要提高對傅染病的防病危機意識；電視、報紙及宣傅小冊子是較多人接受的宣傳方法；通過各種手段以减少傳染病在澳發生的機會。 【關鍵詞】澳門居民 傳染病的認識 調查問卷