On the construction of a new type of criminal mandatory measure in Macao - based on criminal residential surveillance system Chan Soi Man, Master of Law in Macau Law and Practice Directed by Doctor Cheang Seng Cheong and Associate Professor Li Zhe Abstract The type and main content of the mandatory measures in the current “Criminal Procedure Code” of Macao Special Administrative Region have not been modified since it has been in force in 1997, and related measures have been unable to satisfy current needs of social development. The residential surveillance system is an effective means to restrict personal liberty in criminal procedures and has already been regulated by law in lots of countries and regions to facilitate criminal proceedings as well as the protection of human rights. This thesis is developed on the basis of the criminal residential surveillance system, through understanding and analysis of this system, proposes to establish a new Macao criminal mandatory measure, namely the Residential Surveillance Mandatory Measure. This thesis consists of six chapters: the first chapter briefly introduces the concept and the type of residential surveillance and the main phases of criminal procedure in which residential surveillance is applicable. The second chapter describes the residential surveillance system with electronic monitoring which greatly improves the operability of traditional residential surveillance. Among all electronic monitoring methods, the radio frequency and the global positioning system are the two most commonly used methods. This chapter also points out some factors that need to be considered before implementing this surveillance. The third chapter analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the residential surveillance mandatory measure with electronic monitoring. The fourth chapter compares the situation of residential surveillance mandatory measure among the United States, Portugal and Mainland China, so as to find out which institution is most suitable for Macao's criminal law. The fifth chapter discusses some issues about residential surveillance, including whether the period of residential surveillance offsets the prison term, is it related to crime of escape, who is responsible for the cost and how to defend the right of privacy. The sixth chapter studies the system of criminal mandatory measures in Macao, indicating the non-custodial mandatory measures in Macao being too weak to achieve the purpose of criminal prosecution and protect the human rights, thus, the author recommends to introduce a new mandatory measure of residential surveillance in Macao to improve the afore-mentioned situation. The thesis ends with a conclusion on the topic. Key words: Residential Surveillance, Electronic Monitoring, Mandatory Measure

試構建澳門刑事新型強制措施 -以刑事監視居住的制度出發 中文摘要 澳門《刑事訴訟法典》強制措施的類型及主要內容自 1997 年生效以來未被修改，事實上，相關措施已經不能滿足現時社會發展需要，而監視居住是一種可 以適用在多個刑事訴訟階段的限制人身自由的刑事手段，並在國際上多個國家及地區早被立法採取，為此，本論文將由刑事監視居住制度出發，透過對該制度的了解及分析，建議構建澳門刑事新型強制措施，即監視居住強制措施，以有利於刑事訴訟程序的順利進行，及加強保障人權。 正文分有六章，首先在第一章簡單介紹監視居住概念、類型以及在刑事訴訟 程序主要適用的階段。 第二章展述結合電子監控的監視居住，這種現代化的監控方式使監視居住的 可操作性大大提高，其中無線電頻率和全球衛星定位系統是兩種最常用的電子監 控方式，同時指出實施這種監視居住前需考慮的因素。 第三章分析配合電子監控的監視居住制度強制措施的優缺點。 第四章比較美國、葡萄牙及中國內地採取監視居住強制措施的情況，冀了解若澳門刑事法律採取監視居住，那一種制度最能切合澳門法律體系。 第五章討論一些監視居住延伸的問題，包括監視居住期間是否折抵刑期，未經許可離開指定居所是否構成脫逃罪，監視居住的費用由誰支付，以及對保護隱 私權的關注。 第六章探討澳門刑事強制措施制度，對於非羈押強制措施過於弱勢而無法實 現刑訴的目的和人權保障的現況，研究增加監視居住作為新的強制措施以改善 之，並提出相關立法上的建議。在最後部分，對本文作出總結。 關鍵字：監視居住，電子監控，強制措施