The recent Doha Round Negotiation helps to promote sustainable development of international trade and maintain economic order. In recent conversations of the negotiation, countries are focusing more on developing countries. How to deal with the relationship between the developed and developing countries from the perspective of promoting the development of developing countries has become a hot topic of negotiation in recent years. In the field of subsidies and countervailing measures in international trade, developing countries and developed countries always have conflicts. Due to economic disadvantages Of developing countries, they usually want to provide subsidies to some products or industries, which are not quite welcomed by developed countries. Developed countries would often adopt countervailing measures against developing countries. What's more, they may also subsidize some of their domestic products, which cause similar feedbacks of developing countries. Therefore, the issue of subsidy and countervailing measures in international trade, which would cause trouble especially for developing countries, has become a critical issue in resolving international trade conflicts and promoting the sustainable development of international trade. Special and differential treatment is one of the core principles that is largely in favor of developing countries in international trade, and it is ardently discussed in the Doha round negotiation. Developing countries are trying to make full use of this treatment for their own interests, while developed countries are also working on how to act properly facing Special and Differential Treatment. Coming to the issue of subsidies and countervailing measures, Special and Differential Treatment is also a critical principle and a tool for developing countries. In the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures under WTO framework, there are specific articles regulating Special and Differential Treatment for developing countries as well. Now with the development of Doha negotiation and international trade order, developing countries are thinking more and more on how to protect themselves from countervailing measures and getting along with developed countries in terms of subsidies. Therefore, the thesis will mainly discuss about the influence of Special and Differential Treatment provision on developing countries and how to take advantage of the Special and Differential Treatment when coping with the issue of subsidies and countervailing measures. Key words Doha Round Negotiation, Special and Differential Treatment, Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, Developing Countries