Chinese Civil Organizations actively act in the international stages and plays roles in the People’s Republic of China’s diplomacy nowadays. There is few theses focus on the research of their roles in Chinese diplomacy, and doing research of them helps them operate and develop well, as well as add a block to the existing research. Chinese Civil Organizations in this thesis are organizations registered and organized by the People’s Republic Ministry of Civil Affairs, and the development of them has been divided into three stages, the first stage is from 1949 to 1966, second is from 1967 to 1977, third is from 1978 till now, and in each stage their roles have different features. To better illustrate and explained their roles, two hypotheses from the perspective of Realism and the Complex Interdependence and two case studies of Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and China Association for International Understanding are used in this thesis. At the end of the thesis there is a short conclusion that the Chinese Civil Organizations are playing more and more important roles in the Chinese diplomacy, though sometimes their roles are more important than the government, in most situations till now their role still is a supplement of official government. But in a long term, there is a trend their role will be more important besides the government.