UM E-Theses Collection (澳門大學電子學位論文庫)
- Title
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野黃芩素納米混懸液製備及其作為野黃芩苷活性前體的體內研究 / Formulation development of scutellarein nanosuspensions as an in-vivo active, rapidly absorbed precursor of its glycoside scutellarin / by Xiao Yang.
- English Abstract
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The aims of this study were to synthesize the scutellarin (SG) aglycone scutellarein (S) by an acidic hydrolysis, and to formulate and characterize the S nanosuspension for improved dissolution in vitro and enhanced reduction effect for cerebral hemorrhage on zebrafish in vivo. An optimized successive 4 steps preparation of S powder with high chemical purity (HPLC purity>95%) has been established including hydrolysis, crystallization, concentrate and lyophilization. Hydrolysis reaction took 2 hours and the yield was 52.5% (theoretical value is 61.9% with completely reaction). S nanosuspension containing poloxamer 188 (F68) as stabilizer was prepared by anti-solvent precipitation approach and then dried S nanoparticles with D-trehalose as lyophilizing protectant were prepared with fine re-dispersibility. The average particle size, PdI and Zeta potential of dried S nanoparticles were 324.8±6.4 nm, 0.211 ± 0.013 and 28.7±1.9 mV after re-dispersion. The dissolution rate of the S nanosuspension was superior compared to physical mixture in mimic gastric (pH 1.2) and intestinal (pH 6.8) media. Following oral administration of SG, S or S nanosuspension to SD rats, they were transformed into the same two major metabolites SG (M1) and its isomer (M2). Meanwhile, the pharmacokinetic parameters of M1 and M2 indicated that S had an enhance bioavailability than SG, and nanosizing could significantly change the in vivo behavior of S. After oral administration, the pharmacokinetic profiles revealed that S nanosuspension afforded higher peak and short Tmax. The Cmax was increased to 740% of SG and 362% of S, respectively, and the Tmax was only 0.54±0.48 h (8.00 ±2.45 h of SG, 4.08±5.41 h of S). The results of zebrafish tests showed that S nanosuspension had a further improvement of therapeutic effect on cerebral hemorrhage than free S which was better than SG. At each treatment dosage (50, 100, and 200 µM), it supposed that S and SG groups effectively rescued the hemorrhage phenotype, and by 72 hpf approximately 10.32±9.02%和 10.37±10.02% in 100µM and 200µM of the embryos showed evident cerebral hemorrhages, compared with 89.68±9.02% of control embryos receiving atorvastatin and the vehicle Overall, S nanosuspension were considered to be used as a potential delivery formulation with enhanced dissolution rate and rescue activity on zebrafish cerebral hemorrhage for S.
- Chinese Abstract
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黃酮類化合物野黃芩苷(Scutellarin, SG),又名燈盞花乙素,是傳統中藥材 燈盞花的主要活性成份,被廣泛的應用於心血管疾病的臨床治療。目前已有多種 野黃芩苷類製劑上市,比如燈盞花素注射液,燈盞花素分散片和燈盞花素滴丸等。 其中燈盞花素注射液被 2010 版中國藥典收錄,并作為心腦血管科室常規處方用 藥,臨床上用於治療腦血栓、腦出血及其後遺症、冠心病、心絞痛、心律失常、 高粘血症、頑固性頸周綜合征、椎基底動脈供血不足及其他缺血及伴有微循環障 礙等疾病。但是水溶性差和口服生物利用度低等問題成為限制它應用的因素。SG 在水中溶解度僅為 0.16 mg/mL,在 Beagle 犬和大鼠上口服絕對生物利用度分別 為 0.40%和 10.67%。 野黃芩素(Scutellarein, S),是 SG 的苷元,其透过细胞单层膜的渗透能力比 SG 好,在体内 SG 需要被水解成为 S 才能在胃肠道被吸收.在吸收过程中和入 血后,S 被迅速代谢成其醛酸 SG 和 SG 的同分异构体 SG’的形式在体内循环, 而 S 原形在体内含量很低.本研究欲通過水解的方法大量製備 S,并製備 S 納米 混懸液,考察 S 納米混懸液的在大鼠體內的藥物代謝和動力學行為,以及考察在 斑馬魚腦出血模型上的藥效作用。 本研究中首先成功建立了一個從SG原药中大量製備S固体的四步法-酸水解,結 晶,沉澱,凍乾。這個方法中,水解時間2小時,產物固体粉末HPLC純度在95% 以上,回收率達52.5%(理論回收率61.9%)。在此基礎上,本研究以水解得到的 S为模型药,利用反溶劑沉澱法製備S納米混懸液。通過單因素實驗设计,考察 了穩定劑種類、穩定劑用量、有機相比例以及有機相中藥物含量等因素對粒徑、 粒徑分佈(多分散係數,PdI)、Zeta電位和穩定性的影響。篩選出合適的凍乾保 護劑,應用冷凍乾燥的方法對S納米混懸液進行固化,獲得凍乾粉末,同時研究 凍乾保護劑種類對S納米混懸液在不同分散介質中重分散能力的影響。最終製備 工藝如下:50mg S溶解於2 mL甲醇和DMF比例為3:1的混合混合有機相,超聲條 件下用注射器注入到体积为20 mL含有0.2%(w/v)F68的水相中,保持超聲2 min。 以2%(w/v)D型海藻糖或者5%(w/v)羥丙基β環糊精作為凍乾保護劑,置於 -80℃ 冰箱預凍12 h后,在真空冷凍乾燥機中乾燥24 h,獲得S納米凍乾粉末(SP-DT或 者SP-HP-β-CD)。SP-DT在室溫保存條件下具有至少兩個月的短期穩定性,重分 散后的粒徑為324.8±6.4 nm, PdI為0.211 ± 0.013,Zeta電位為-28.7±1.9 mV。透 射電鏡和X射線衍射結果表明,重分散后,含有D型海藻糖的S納米混懸液 (SN-DT)中的S納米粒以無定型的形式存在。溶出實驗中,以模擬胃液(pH1.2) 和模擬腸液(pH6.8)作為溶出介質,以D型海藻糖作為凍乾保護劑的S納米凍乾粉 末(SP-DT)在5 min內釋放87.2%和77.2%,10 min內釋放完全。和SP-DT類似, 和以羥丙基β 環糊精做誒凍乾保護劑的S納米凍乾粉末(SP-HP-β-CD)在5 min 內分別釋放90.7%和88.9%,10 min內釋放完全。相比之下由於晶體粒徑較大(9.2 ±4.1 µm),原藥在10 min時在模擬胃液和模擬腸液中釋放分別為16.8%和 13.9%,以上結果表明納米化之後S溶出速率加快。 體內實驗以雄性 SD 大鼠為模型動物,建立了 S 和 SG 在大鼠血漿中的分析 方法,研究了 SG,S 和 S 納米混懸液口服給藥之後的藥物動力學特徵。實驗發 現口服給藥 SG,S 或者 S 納米混懸液(含有凍乾保護劑 HP-β-CD)之後,血漿中 均無法檢測到 S 原型的存在,同時發現 SG 和 S 在體內均轉化成相同的代謝產物 M1 和 M2。實驗證明 M1 即為 SG 原型,和 M2 互為同分異構體。S 的口服生物 利用度比 SG 提高至 142%,達峰時間(Tmax)分別為 4.08±5.41 h 和 8.00±2.45 h,并且兩者的藥物動力學特徵接近,血藥濃度-時間曲綫中血藥濃度平穩,無明 顯藥峰。S 經過納米化之後,藥物動力學特徵發生明顯改變,達到藥物濃度峰時間快,僅為 0.54±0.48 h,藥峰濃度分別比 SG 和 S 組提高至 740%和 362%,消 除半衰期 t1/2 僅為 2.68±0.88 h,顯著低於 SG(12.20±2.98 h)和 S(7.29±5.75 h)組(p< 0.01)。結果表明 S 降低斑馬魚腦出血率的作用强 於 SG,經過納米化之後 S 作用效果進一步增強。 結論:本研究成功從 SG 中製備出 S 並將 S 納米化。S 納米混懸液可以提高 體外溶出度。S 經過納米化之後改變在大鼠體內的藥物動力學特徵,主要體現在 消除半衰期縮短,血藥達峰濃度提升和達峰時間提前,同時 S 納米混懸液顯著提 高斑馬魚腦出血后救治作用。S 納米混懸液是一種有潛力被開發成針對腦出血后 救治效果的口服納米製劑。
- Issue date
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2014.
- Author
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楊瀟
- Faculty
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Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences
- Degree
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M.Sc.
- Subject
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Cardiovascular system -- Diseases -- Treatment
心血管系統 -- 疾病 -- 治療
Pharmacokinetics
藥代動力學
- Supervisor
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Zheng, Ying
- Files In This Item
- Location
- 1/F Zone C
- Library URL
- 991005761089706306