UM E-Theses Collection (澳門大學電子學位論文庫)
- Title
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國際藥品價格比較的方法學研究
- English Abstract
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Drug prices have become an important issue in the last few years as concerns about raising healthcare expenditure have increased. Scholars as well as healthcare authorities in many countries are questioning whether their country is carrying a heavier burden than others in paying for drugs. In view of this, cross-national drug price comparisons were usually conducted. The results of such studies can also be used as reference information and bases for decision-making in regulating domestic drug prices. However, there is no generally accepted methodology on how to conduct cross-national drug price comparisons. Many methodological issues remain unresolved. One purpose of this study is to summarize and discuss the methodological aspects of international price comparison for pharmaceuticals, in terms of 4 major methodological points that easily affect the interpretation and application of the results: sample selection, price per unit of measurement, currencies conversion, and weights. Particularly, this paper discusses the available options on any of these methodological aspects and the differences between the options in each methodological aspect. To show how results change with the methods used,aprice comparison between India and nine European countries was conducted. The main conclusion from this paper is that results are sensitive to choices made about certain methodological aspects such as criteria for matching across molecules and products, price type and unit of measurement for volume, the use of exchange rate or purchasing power parities for currency conversion, and the relative weight given to consumption pattern of the selected drug sample. There is no single right measure of international price differences for pharmaceuticals. Suggestion on the methodological choices under different study purposes follows. Keywords: Pharmaceutical Price; International Comparison; Methodologies; Selection; Suggestion
- Chinese Abstract
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医疗费用急剧上升和医药产业国际化加深,不少国家的政府和学者纷纷开 展国际药品价格比较,以比较研究的结果作为管制本国药品价格的参考信息和决 策依据。然而,过去不同的国际药品价格比较研究在方法的选取上并不一致,结 果亦相差明显,方法的选取对研究结果的影响开始受到越来越多的关注。正确认 识国际药品价格比较中的方法选取问题,将有利于对比较研究结果的准确理解和 应用。在对比以往不同研究所使用的方法的基础上,本文整理和总结了在进行国 际药品价格比较时需要考虑的主要方法学方面及其可能选取。主要的方法学方面 的选取包括:样本的选取、单位价格的选取、货币转换方式的选取、以及价格权 重的选取。在这四个方法学方面的选取中,样本的选取需要同时考虑样本药品的 选取和样本产品的选取;单位价格的选取需要同时考虑价格类型的选取和计价单 位的选取;货币转换方式的选取考虑的是以汇率还是购买力平价进行不同货币单 位之间的转换;价格权重的选取考虑的是在计算价格指数时是否采用价格权重或 采用何种价格权重。本文分析了不同的方法选取对研究结果的可能影响,认为在 方法构建的过程中对各方法学方面的选取不同,是过去不同研究的结果之间有明 显差异的主要原因之一。通过印度与九个欧洲国家的药品价格对比,展示了在不 同货币转换方式和不同价格权重下的比较结果之间的差异程度,认为研究结果对 方法的选取非常敏感。本文认为国际药品价格比较的选取并没有绝对和统一的标 准,对方法的选取应尽可能符合研究目的之需要,提出了不同研究目的之下各方 法学方面的选取的建议。 关键词:药品价格 国际比较 方法学 选取 建议
- Issue date
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2008.
- Author
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趙必仰
- Faculty
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences
- Degree
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M.Sc.
- Subject
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Drugs -- Prices
藥物 -- 價格
- Supervisor
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鄭力仁
- Files In This Item
- Location
- 1/F Zone C
- Library URL
- 991005277759706306