Both KAFKA and LUXUN achieved great success in the 20th century world literature field, especially on the side of exploring the connotations of humanism in modern times .They performed extraordinary works that nobody could replace. Nevertheless, there was no any direct impact between KAFKA’s and LUXUN's thoughts. When studying their works, the author considered that comparing the similarity and difference of their humanism features, realistic and modernistic expressions would be a significant work. This paper intends to arrive at answering what their common philosophy is and what their perspective for nonentity in the human being’s alienation and their selves-negation are. This paper will present the author’s opinion on above problems.

卡夫卡和魯迅都是二十世紀偉大的文學家。他們對二十世紀人文主義的本質進行了深刻地探討。他們的作品使人們看清了世界本質之所在，認識了资本主義文明底下的罪惡和封建專制的野攀對於人性的扼殺和異化。使人類重新意識到拾回自己的尊嚴和自愛，去尋求獨立 的人格的重要性。 本文運用比较文學的基本理論， 對他們的人文主義思想及現實主義和現代主義的藝術表現手法之異同進行了探討和比較，以求能更深刻地去研究他們的人文主義精袖，研究他們對於異化中小人物的看法及他們勇於自我解剖的根源。